How CAT 5 Cable Works
WHAT IS IT ?
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In 2000 CAT5 overtook CAT3 as the Ethernet cable of choice for LAN networking.
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CAT5 uses the 10BASE-T or 100BASE-T standards for data transmission.
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It is a kind of Unshielded Twisted Pair cables (UTP).
CAT 5 Cable (four pairs)
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There are two standards that are used for RJ45 connector wiring.
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568A and 568B are color code standards that show which color wire matches up with a specific position on an RJ45 connector.
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Both standards can be used to make Ethernet UTP network cable.
EIA/TIA 568A
2 Standard of Color Code
EIA/TIA 568B
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Pin 1 is White Green
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Pin 2 is Green
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Pin 3 is White orange
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Pin 4 is Blue
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Pin 5 is White Blue
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Pin 6 is Orange
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Pin 7 is White Brown
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Pin 8 is Brown
EIA/TIA 568A
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Pin 1 is White orange
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Pin 2 is Orange
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Pin 3 is White Green
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Pin 4 is Blue
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Pin 5 is White Blue
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Pin 6 is Green
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Pin 7 is White Brown
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Pin 8 is Brown
EIA/TIA 568B
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The ethernet port of the network devices are deferent like the receiving and sending pin are alternating to each other.
Computer
1 - Tx + Transmit
2 - Tx - Transmit
3 - Rx + Receive
4 - vcc
5 - vcc
6 - Rx - Receive
7 - vcc
8 - vcc
Switch / Hub
1 - Rx + Receive
2 - Rx - Receive
3 - Tx + Transmit
4 - vcc
5 - vcc
6 - Tx - Transmit
7 - vcc
8 - vcc
Router
1 - Tx + Transmit
2 - Tx - Transmit
3 - Rx + Receive
4 - vcc
5 - vcc
6 - Rx - Receive
7 - vcc
8 - vcc
The ethernet port pin structure of networking devices.
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While connecting between 2 devices, the pins of the Ethernet port is different.
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There are 2-types of cabling we need to make.
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Straight Through Cable
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Crossover Cable
Straight-through Cable
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Straight Through Cable which is used to connect different devices.
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Majority of patch cables used in networking world these days are Straight-Through Cables.
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Almost all Straight through cable these days are following T568B color coding standard.
1 - Tx + Transmit
2 - Tx - Transmit
3 - Rx + Receive
4 - vcc
5 - vcc
6 - Rx - Receive
7 - vcc
8 - vcc
1 - Rx + Receive
2 - Rx - Receive
3 - Tx + Transmit
4 - vcc
5 - vcc
6 - Tx - Transmit
7 - vcc
8 - vcc
TIA 568B
TIA 568B
Used in:
Switch to Computer
Computer to Switch/Hub
Switch to Router
Cross Cable
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Cross Cable is a type of Ethernet Cable that is used to connect similar type of networking devices,
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Left side is following 568B color coding and the Right end is following 568A color coding.
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So that the transmit pin can connect to the receive pin of the corresponding device.
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If one end of the cable has 568A color coding then another end must follow 568B color coding.
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If one end of the cable has 568B color coding then another end must follow 568A color coding.
1 - Tx + Transmit
2 - Tx - Transmit
3 - Rx + Receive
4 - vcc
5 - vcc
6 - Rx - Receive
7 - vcc
8 - vcc
TIA 568B
TIA 568A
1 - Tx + Transmit
2 - Tx - Transmit
3 - Rx + Receive
4 - vcc
5 - vcc
6 - Rx - Receive
7 - vcc
8 - vcc
Used in
Computer to computer
Switch to switch